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Leogrande, R.; Lopedota, O.; Vitti, C.; Ventrella, D.; Montemurro, F. |
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Title |
Saline water and municipal solid waste compost application on tomato crop: Effects on plant and soil |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Journal of Plant Nutrition |
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39 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
491-501 |
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ftnotmacsur |
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Abstract |
A field experiment was conducted in Southern Italy to evaluate the effects of different water quality and fertilizers on yield performance of tomato crop. In mineral nitrogen (N) fertilizer and irrigation with fresh water (Electrical Conductivity, EC, = 0.9 dS m⁻¹) (FWF); mineral N fertilizer and irrigation with saline water (EC = 6.0 dS m⁻¹) (SWF); municipal solid waste (MSW) compost and irrigation with fresh water (EC = 0.9 dS m⁻¹) (FWC); MSW compost and irrigation with saline water (EC = 6.0 dS m⁻¹) (SWC). At harvest, weight and number of fruits and refractometric index (°Brix) were measured, total and marketable yield and dry matter of fruit were calculated. The results indicated that MSW compost, applied as amendment, could substitute the mineral fertilizer. In fact, in the treatments based on compost application, the tomato average marketable yield increased by 9% compared with treatments with mineral fertilizer. The marketable yield in the SWF and SWC treatments (with an average soil EC in two years to about 3.5 dS m⁻¹) decreased respectively of 20 and 10%, in respect to fresh water treatments. At the end of the experiment, application of compost significantly decreased the sodium absorption rate (SAR) of SWC treatment in respect of SWF (−29.9%). Significant differences were observed among the four treatments both on soil solution cations either exchangeable cations. In particular compost application increased the calcium (Ca) and potassium (K) contents in saturated soil paste respect to the SWF ones (31.4% and 59.5%, respectively). At the same time saturated soil paste sodium (Na) in SWC treatment recorded a decrease of 17.4% compared to SWF. |
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4991 |
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Irz, X.; Kuosmanen, N. |
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Title |
Explaining growth in demand for dairy products in Finland: an econometric analysis |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Food Economics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Food Economics |
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9 |
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sup5 |
Pages |
47-56 |
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Consumption; food; almost ideal demand system; decomposition; elasticities; milk; demand analysis; farm |
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The dairy sector represents the cornerstone of Finnish agriculture but faces new challenges linked to the decoupling of farm subsidies and abolition of milk production quotas. Because of its increasing exposure to market forces, the sector must anticipate future changes in demand and deliver precisely what Finnish consumers want. This paper contributes to that goal by analyzing retroactively the drivers of demand for dairy products over the period 1975–2010 using National Accounts Data. After presenting the evolution of consumption for dairy products, we estimate a complete system of demand for food and dairy products and use it to decompose demand growth into a substitution effect, income effect, and trend effect. The analysis points to the severity of the challenges that the sector is facing. Stagnant consumption is at least partially the result of continuous but adverse taste changes, and as Finnish consumers grow more prosperous, they allocate an increasingly smaller share of their food budget to the dairy group. The low own-price elasticity of demand for dairy products also limits the benefits to the sector of growth in milk production. Hence, business-as-usual will result in the dwindling importance of the dairy sector in the Finnish food chain. Innovation and product differentiation, perhaps emphasizing the attributes of livestock production processes, are clearly required to counter this evolution. |
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2164-828x |
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TradeM, ftnotmacsur |
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MA @ admin @ |
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4491 |
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Ghaley, B.B.; Porter, J.R.; Sandhu, H.S. |
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Soil-based ecosystem services: a synthesis of nutrient cycling and carbon sequestration assessment methods |
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2014 |
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International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services & Management |
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International Journal of Biodiversity Science, Ecosystem Services & Management |
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10 |
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3 |
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177-186 |
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ecosystem functions; litter decomposition; mineralisation; assessment methodologies; stoichiometry |
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Among the soil-based ecosystem services (ES), nutrient cycling and carbon sequestration have direct influence on the biogeochemical cycles and greenhouse gas emissions affecting provision of other ES that support human existence. We reviewed methods to assess the two key ES by identifying their strengths and weaknesses and have made suggestions for using appropriate methods for better understanding of the ecosystem functions for the provision of ES. Relevant papers for the review were chosen on the basis of (i) diversity of studies on the two key ES in different ecosystems, (ii) methodologies applied and (iii) detailed descriptions of the trial locations in terms of vegetation, soil type, location and climatic information. We concluded that (i) elemental stoichiometrical ratios could be a potential approach to assess the health of ecosystems in terms of provision of the two ES discussed, (ii) stoichiometric imbalances need to be avoided between the supply and the demand of the nutrients to maintain the ES provision in terrestrial ecosystems and (iii) stoichiometric ratios can act as a management tool at a field, farm and at landscape level, to complement other compositional biodiversity and functional diversity approaches to ensure sustainable provision of ES. |
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2151-3732 2151-3740 |
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CropM, ftnotmacsur |
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MA @ admin @ |
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4522 |
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Mueller, L.; Schindler, U.; Shepherd, T.G.; Ball, B.C.; Smolentseva, E.; Hu, C.; Hennings, V.; Schad, P.; Rogasik, J.; Zeitz, J.; Schlindwein, S.L.; Behrendt, A.; Helming, K.; Eulenstein, F. |
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A framework for assessing agricultural soil quality on a global scale |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science |
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Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science |
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58 |
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sup1 |
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S76-S82 |
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soil quality; indicators; muencheberg soil quality rating |
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This paper provides information about a novel approach of rating agricultural soil quality (SQ) and crop yield potentials consistently over a range of spatial scales. The Muencheberg Soil Quality Rating is an indicator-based straightforward overall assessment method of agricultural SQ. It is a framework covering aspects of soil texture, structure, topography and climate which is based on 8 basic indicators and more than 12 hazard indicators. Ratings are performed by visual methods of soil evaluation. A field manual is then used to provide ratings from tables based on indicator thresholds. Finally, overall rating scores are given, ranging from 0 (worst) to 100 (best) to characterise crop yield potentials. The current approach is valid for grassland and cropland. Field tests in several countries confirmed the practicability and reliability of the method. At field scale, soil structure is a crucial, management induced criterion of agricultural SQ. At the global scale, climate controlled hazard indicators of drought risk and soil thermal regime are crucial for SQ and crop yield potentials. Final rating scores are well correlated with crop yields. We conclude that this system could be evolved for ranking and controlling agricultural SQ on a global scale. |
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0365-0340 |
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CropM, TradeM, ftnotmacsur |
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MA @ admin @ |
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4589 |
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Author |
Wilson, A. |
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Title |
Emerging infectious disease challenges |
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Conference Article |
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2016 |
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STAR-IDAZ (Global Strategic Alliances for the Coordination of Research on the Major Infectious Diseases of Animals and Zoonoses) Foresight workshop on Emerging Infectious Disease Challenges, 2014-06-16 to 2014-06-16 |
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4895 |
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