| |
Records |
Links |
|
Author |
Hoffmann, H.; Zhao, G.; Asseng, S.; Bindi, M.; Biernath, C.; Constantin, J.; Coucheney, E.; Dechow, R.; Doro, L.; Eckersten, H.; Gaiser, T.; Grosz, B.; Heinlein, F.; Kassie, B.T.; Kersebaum, K.-C.; Klein, C.; Kuhnert, M.; Lewan, E.; Moriondo, M.; Nendel, C.; Priesack, E.; Raynal, H.; Roggero, P.P.; Rötter, R.P.; Siebert, S.; Specka, X.; Tao, F.; Teixeira, E.; Trombi, G.; Wallach, D.; Weihermüller, L.; Yeluripati, J.; Ewert, F. |
|
| |
Title |
Impact of spatial soil and climate input data aggregation on regional yield simulations |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2016 |
Publication |
PLoS One |
Abbreviated Journal |
PLoS One |
|
| |
Volume |
11 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
e0151782 |
|
| |
Keywords |
systems simulation; nitrogen dynamics; winter-wheat; crop models; data resolution; scale; water; variability; calibration; weather |
|
| |
Abstract |
We show the error in water-limited yields simulated by crop models which is associated with spatially aggregated soil and climate input data. Crop simulations at large scales (regional, national, continental) frequently use input data of low resolution. Therefore, climate and soil data are often generated via averaging and sampling by area majority. This may bias simulated yields at large scales, varying largely across models. Thus, we evaluated the error associated with spatially aggregated soil and climate data for 14 crop models. Yields of winter wheat and silage maize were simulated under water-limited production conditions. We calculated this error from crop yields simulated at spatial resolutions from 1 to 100 km for the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. Most models showed yields biased by <15% when aggregating only soil data. The relative mean absolute error (rMAE) of most models using aggregated soil data was in the range or larger than the inter-annual or inter-model variability in yields. This error increased further when both climate and soil data were aggregated. Distinct error patterns indicate that the rMAE may be estimated from few soil variables. Illustrating the range of these aggregation effects across models, this study is a first step towards an ex-ante assessment of aggregation errors in large-scale simulations. |
|
| |
Address  |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
1932-6203 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
Article |
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
CropM, ft_macsur |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
4725 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Ebrahimi, E.; Manschadi, A.M.; Neugschwandtner, R.W.; Eitzinger, J.; Thaler, S.; Kaul, H.-P. |
|
| |
Title |
Assessing the impact of climate change on crop management in winter wheat – a case study for Eastern Austria |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Journal of Agricultural Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Agric. Sci. |
|
| |
Volume |
154 |
Issue |
07 |
Pages |
1153-1170 |
|
| |
Keywords |
|
|
| |
Abstract |
Climate change is expected to affect optimum agricultural management practices for autumn-sown wheat, especially those related to sowing date and nitrogen (N) fertilization. To assess the direction and quantity of these changes for an important production region in eastern Austria, the agricultural production systems simulator was parameterized, evaluated and subsequently used to predict yield production and grain protein content under current and future conditions. Besides a baseline climate (BL, 1981–2010), climate change scenarios for the period 2035–65 were derived from three Global Circulation Models (GCMs), namely CGMR, IPCM4 and MPEH5, with two emission scenarios, A1B and B1. Crop management scenarios included a combination of three sowing dates (20 September, 20 October, 20 November) with four N fertilizer application rates (60, 120, 160, 200 kg/ha). Each management scenario was run for 100 years of stochastically generated daily weather data. The model satisfactorily simulated productivity as well as water and N use of autumn- and spring-sown wheat crops grown under different N supply levels in the 2010/11 and 2011/12 experimental seasons. Simulated wheat yields under climate change scenarios varied substantially among the three GCMs. While wheat yields for the CGMR model increased slightly above the BL scenario, under IPCM4 projections they were reduced by 29 and 32% with low or high emissions, respectively. Wheat protein appears to increase with highest increments in the climate scenarios causing the largest reductions in grain yield (IPCM4 and MPEH-A1B). Under future climatic conditions, maximum wheat yields were predicted for early sowing (September 20) with 160 kg N/ha applied at earlier dates than the current practice. |
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0021-8596 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
Article |
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
TradeM |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
4723 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Brylińska, M.; Sobkowiak, S.; Stefańczyk, E.; Śliwka, J. |
|
| |
Title |
Potato cultivation system affects population structure of Phytophthora infestans |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Fungal Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Fungal Ecology |
|
| |
Volume |
20 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
132-143 |
|
| |
Keywords |
SSR; Population genetic structure; Late blight; Potato; late blight resistance; mating-type; microsatellite markers; phenotypic diversity; sexual reproduction; genotypic diversity; nordic countries; severe outbreaks; sarpo mira; pathogenicity |
|
| |
Abstract |
Phytophthora infestans is one of the most destructive potato pathogens. Many factors influence the population structure of P. infestans, including migration, climate and type of potato cultivation. Here, we analyse 365 P. infestans isolates collected from three regions of Poland over three years. We determined mating type, mitochondrial haplotype, resistance to metalaxyl, virulence and polymorphism at 14 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci. Analysis of SSR markers showed high genetic diversity associated with this population. Model-based structure analysis grouped 299 unique genotypes into four main clusters. The P. infestans isolates collected from the Mlochow region, which has the most intensive level of potato cultivation, formed a distinct cluster, indicating a strong effect of the cultivation system on pathogen population structure. Three clusters contained isolates with frequent presence of three alleles at one locus, which may affect their capacity for sexual reproduction and preserve groups of fit genotypes that propagate asexually. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd and The British Mycological Society. |
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
1754-5048 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
Article |
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
CropM, ft_macsur |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
4720 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Kipling, R.; Scollan, N.; Bannink, A.; van Middelkoop, J. |
|
| |
Title |
From diversity to strategy: Livestock research for effective policy in a climate change world |
Type |
Report |
| |
Year |
2016 |
Publication |
FACCE MACSUR Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
| |
Volume |
8 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
H0.3-D1 |
|
| |
Keywords |
policy brief, networking |
|
| |
Abstract |
European livestock agriculture is extraordinarily diverse, and so are the challenges it faces. This diversity has contributed to the development of a fragmented set of research communities. As a result, livestock research is often under-represented at policy level, despite its high relevance for the environment and food security. Understanding livestock systems and how they can sustainably adapt to global change requires inputs across research areas, including grasslands, nutrition, health, welfare and ecology. It also requires experimental researchers, modellers and stakeholders to work closely together. Networks and capacity building structures are vital to enable livestock research to meet the challenges of climate change. They need to maintain shared resources and provide non-competitive arenas to share and synthesize results for policy support. ï‚· Long term strategic investment is needed to support such structures. Their leadership requires very different skills to those effective in scientific project coordination. |
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
2269 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Semenov, M.A.; Stratonovitch, P. |
|
| |
Title |
Local-scale CMIP5-based climate scenarios for MACSUR2 |
Type |
Report |
| |
Year |
2016 |
Publication |
FACCE MACSUR Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
|
|
| |
Volume |
8 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
C2.2-D |
|
| |
Keywords |
CropM |
|
| |
Abstract |
Climate sensitivity of GCMs was used to select 5 GCMs from the CMIP5 ensemble for impact studies in MACSUR2. Selected GCMs for MACSUR2 are EC-EARTH (7), GFDL-CM3 (8) HadGEM2-ES (10), MIROC5 (13), and MPI-ESM-MR (15). These GCMs are evenly distributed among CMIP5 (Fig 1) and should capture, in principal, climate uncertainty of the CMIP5 ensemble. Using 5 GCMs will enable us to assess uncertainties in impacts related to uncertainty in climate projections. The selection of GCMs in MACSUR2 has a good overlap with selections of GCMs used in CORDEX and AgMIP projects. We used the LARS-WG generator to construct local-scale CMIP5-based climate scenarios for Europe (Semenov & Stratonovitch, 2015). Fifteen sites were selected in Europe for MACSUR2. For each site and each selected GCM, 100 yrs climate daily data were generated by LARS-WG for RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emission scenarios and for baseline and 3 future periods: near-term (2021-2040), mid-term (2041-2060) and long-term (2081-2100). |
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
|
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
|
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
|
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
2270 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
