MACSUR Literature Database -- Query Results

	MACSUR Literature Database Home \| Show All \| Simple Search \| Advanced Search	Login Quick Search: Field: contains: ...
	36–40 of 72 records found matching your query (RSS):

Search & Display Options

Select All Deselect All

<< 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 >> [11–15]

List View

Citations

Details

	Records
	Author	Bennetzen, E.H.; Smith, P.; Soussana, J.-F.; Porter, J.R.
	Title	Identity-based estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from crop production: case study from Denmark			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2012	Publication	European Journal of Agronomy	Abbreviated Journal	European Journal of Agronomy
	Volume	41	Issue		Pages	66-72
	Keywords	kaya identity; kaya-porter identity; crop production; greenhouse gas emission; energy intensity; mitigation; food system; agriculture; mitigation; energy; opportunities; inventory; europe; policy; land
	Abstract	In order to feed the world we need innovative thinking on how to increase agricultural production whilst also mitigating climate change. Agriculture and land-use change are responsible for approximately one-third of total anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions but hold potential for climate change mitigation but are only tangentially included in UNFCCC mitigation policies. To get a full estimate of GHG emissions from agricultural crop production both energy-based emissions and land-based emissions need to be accounted for. Furthermore, the major mitigation potential is likely to be indirect reduction of emissions i.e. reducing emissions per unit of agricultural product rather than the absolute emissions per se. Hence the system productivity must be included in the same analysis. This paper presents the Kaya-Porter identity, derived from the Maya identity, as a new way to calculate GHG emissions from agricultural crop production by deconstructing emissions into five elements; the GHG intensity of the energy used for production (kg CO2-eq./MJ), energy intensity of the production (MJ/kg dry matter), areal productivity (kg dry matter/ha), areal land-based GHG emissions (CO2-eq./ha) and area (ha). These separate elements in the identity can be targeted in emissions reduction and mitigation policies and are useful to analyse past and current trends in emissions and to explore future scenarios. Using the Kaya-Porter identity we have performed a case study on Danish crop production and find emissions to have been reduced by 12% from 1992 to 2008, whilst yields per unit area have remained constant. Both land-based emissions and energy-based emissions have decreased, mainly due to a 41% reduction in nitrogen fertilizer use. The initial identity based analysis for crop production presented here needs to be extended to include livestock to reflect the entire agricultural production and food demand sectors, thereby permitting analysis of the trade-offs between animal and plant food production, human dietary preferences and population and resulting GHG emissions. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
	Address	2016-07-22
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1161-0301	ISBN		Medium	Article
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	CropM, ftnotmacsur			Approved	no
	Call Number	MA @ admin @			Serial	4581
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Rusu, T.; Moraru, P.I.
	Title	Impact of climate change on crop land and technological recommendations for the main crops in Transylvanian Plain, Romania			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2015	Publication	Romanian Agricultural Research	Abbreviated Journal	Romanian Agricultural Research
	Volume	32	Issue		Pages	103-111
	Keywords	climate change monitoring; temperature regimes; soil moisture; adaptation technologies; transylvanian plain; agriculture; france; precipitation; circulation; adaptation; models
	Abstract	The Transylvanian Plain (TP) is an important agricultural production area of Romania that is included among the areas with the lowest potential of adapting to climate changes in Europe. Thermal and hydric regime monitoring is necessary to identify and implement measures of adaptation to the impacts of climate change. Soil moisture and temperature regimes were evaluated using a set of 20 data logging stations positioned throughout the plain. Each station stores electronic data regarding ground temperature at 3 depths (10, 30, 50 cm), humidity at a depth of 10 cm, air temperature (at 1 m) and precipitation. For agricultural crops, the periods of drought and extreme temperatures require specific measures of adaptation to climate changes. During the growing season of crops in the spring (April – October) in the south-eastern, southern, and eastern escarpments, precipitation decreased by 43.8 mm, the air temperature increased by 0.37 degrees C, and the ground temperature increased by 1.91 degrees C at a depth of 10 cm, 2.22 degrees C at a depth of 20 cm and 2.43 degrees C at a depth of 30 cm compared with values recorded for the northern, north-western or western escarpments. Water requirements were ensured within an optimal time frame for 58.8-62.1% of the spring row crop growth period, with irrigation being necessary to guarantee the optimum production potential. The biologically active temperature recorded in the TP demonstrates the need to renew the division of the crop areas reported in the literature.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1222-4227	ISBN		Medium	Article
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	CropM, ftnotmacsur			Approved	no
	Call Number	MA @ admin @			Serial	4650
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Bojar, W.; Knopik, L.; Żarski, J.; Sławiński, C.; Baranowski, P.; Żarski, W.
	Title	Impact of extreme climate changes on the forecasted agriculture production			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2014	Publication	Acta Agrophysica	Abbreviated Journal	Acta Agrophysica
	Volume	21	Issue	4	Pages	415-431
	Keywords	agricultural economics; agriculture; climate change; crop production; integrating assessments
	Abstract	The paper presents general characteristics of resources and outputs of agriculture in the Kujawsko-Pomorskie and Lubelskie Regions, based on statistical databases and literature review. Some specific features of the regions, with special consideration for the predicted extreme climate changes, are also included. Next, some statistically significant dependencies between the climatic parameters and yields of selected important crops in the abovementioned regions were worked out on the basis of empirical survey conducted in the University of Technology and Life Sciences, Bydgoszcz, and the Institute of Agrophysics in Lublin. Creating an appropriate method of forecasting long series of ten days without precipitation was necessary to find the desired dependencies. Third, some efforts were taken to make integrated assessments of forecast agricultural outputs influenced by climate extreme phenomena on the basis of the yield-precipitation relations obtained and on the data coming from wide area model regional outputs such as prices of farmland and produce.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN		ISBN		Medium	Article
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	CropM, TradeM, ft_macsur			Approved	no
	Call Number	MA @ admin @			Serial	4619
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Vosough Ahmadi, B.; Shrestha, S.; Thomson, S.G.; Barnes, A.P.; Stott, A.W.
	Title	Impacts of greening measures and flat rate regional payments of the Common Agricultural Policy on Scottish beef and sheep farms			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2015	Publication	Journal of Agricultural Science	Abbreviated Journal	J. Agric. Sci.
	Volume	153	Issue	04	Pages	676-688
	Keywords	CAP reform; models; level; water; Agriculture
	Abstract	The latest Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) reforms could bring substantial changes to Scottish farming communities. Two major components of this reform package, an introduction of environmental measures into the Pillar 1 payments and a move away from historical farm payments towards regionalized area payments, would have a significant effect on altering existing support structures for Scottish farmers, as it would for similar farm types elsewhere in Europe where historic payments are used. An optimizing farm-level model was developed to explore how Scottish beef and sheep farms might be affected by the greening and flat rate payments under the current CAP reforms. Nine different types of beef and sheep farms were identified and detailed biophysical and financial farm-level data for these farm types were used to parameterize the model. Results showed that the greening measures of the CAP did not have much impact on net margins of most of the beef and sheep farm businesses, except for ‘Beef Finisher’ farm types where the net margins decreased by 3%. However, all farm types were better off adopting the greening measures than not qualifying for the greening payments through non-compliance with the measures. The move to regionalized farm payments increased the negative financial impact of greening on most of the farms but it was still substantially lower than the financial sacrifice of not adopting greening measures. Results of maximizing farm net margin, under a hypothetical assumption of excluding farm payments, showed that in most of the mixed (sheep and cattle) and beef suckler cattle farms the optimum stock numbers predicted by the model were lower than actual figures on farm. When the regionalized support payments were allocated to each farm, the proportion of the mixed farms that would increase their stock numbers increased whereas this proportion decreased for beef suckler farms and no impact was predicted in sheep farms. Also under the regionalized support payments, improvements in profitability were found in mixed farms and sheep farms. Some of the specialized beef suckler farms also returned a profit when CAP support was added.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0021-8596 1469-5146	ISBN		Medium	Article
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	LiveM			Approved	no
	Call Number	MA @ admin @			Serial	4654
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Holman, I.P.; Brown, C.; Carter, T.R.; Harrison, P.A.; Rounsevell, M.
	Title	Improving the representation of adaptation in climate change impact models			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2019	Publication	Regional Environmental Change	Abbreviated Journal	Reg. Environ. Change
	Volume	19	Issue	3	Pages	711-721
	Keywords	Adaptive capacity; Limits; Water; Land; Decision making; Integrated assessment; Land-Cover Change; Global Change; River-Basin; Integrated Assessment; Adaptive Capacity; Vulnerability; Variability; Precautionary; Agriculture; Management
	Abstract	Climate change adaptation is a complex human process, framed by uncertainties and constraints, which is difficult to capture in existing assessment models. Attempts to improve model representations are hampered by a shortage of systematic descriptions of adaptation processes and their relevance to models. This paper reviews the scientific literature to investigate conceptualisations and models of climate change adaptation, and the ways in which representation of adaptation in models can be improved. The review shows that real-world adaptive responses can be differentiated along a number of dimensions including intent or purpose, timescale, spatial scale, beneficiaries and providers, type of action, and sector. However, models of climate change consequences for land use and water management currently provide poor coverage of these dimensions, instead modelling adaptation in an artificial and subjective manner. While different modelling approaches do capture distinct aspects of the adaptive process, they have done so in relative isolation, without producing improved unified representations. Furthermore, adaptation is often assumed to be objective, effective and consistent through time, with only a minority of models taking account of the human decisions underpinning the choice of adaptation measures (14%), the triggers that motivate actions (38%) or the time-lags and constraints that may limit their uptake and effectiveness (14%). No models included adaptation to take advantage of beneficial opportunities of climate change. Based on these insights, transferable recommendations are made on directions for future model development that may enhance realism within models, while also advancing our understanding of the processes and effectiveness of adaptation to a changing climate.
	Address	2019-04-27
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1436-3798	ISBN		Medium	Article
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	TradeM, ft_macsur			Approved	no
	Call Number	MA @ admin @			Serial	5220
Permanent link to this record