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Author |
Moraru, P.I.; Rusu, T.; Guș, P.; Bogdan, I.; Pop, A.I. |
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Title |
The role of minimum tillage in protecting environmental resources of the Transylvanian Plain, Romania |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Romanian Agricultural Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Romanian Agricultural Research |
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Volume |
32 |
Issue |
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Pages |
127-135 |
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Keywords |
minimum tillage; soil conservation; crop production; winter-wheat; systems; maize; conservation; temperature; yield; l. |
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Abstract |
Conservative tillage systems tested in the hilly area of the Transylvanian Plain (Romania), confirms the possibility of improving the biological, physical, chemical and technologizcal properties of the soil. Conservative components include minimum tillage systems and surface incorporation of crop residues. The minimum tillage soil systems with paraplow, chisel or rotary harrow are polyvalent alternatives for basic preparation, germination bed preparation and sowing, for fields and crops with moderate loose requirements being optimized technologies for: soil natural fertility activation and rationalization, reduction of erosion, increasing the accumulation capacity for water and realization of sowing in the optimal period. The minimum tillage systems ensure an adequate aerial-hydrical regime for the biological activity intensity and for the nutrients solubility equilibrium. The vegetal material remaining at the soil surface or superficially incorporated has its contribution to intensifying the biological activity, being an important resource of organic matter. Humus content increases by 0.41%. The minimum tillage systems rebuild the soil structure (hydrostable macroagregate content increases up to 2.2% to 5.2%), improving the global drainage of soil which allows a rapid infiltration of water in soil. Water reserve, accumulated in the 0-50 cm depth is with 1-32 m(3) ha(-1) higher in the minimum tillage variants. The result is a more productive soil, better protected against wind and water erosion and needing less fuel for preparing the germination bed. |
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2016-10-31 |
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English |
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1222-4227 |
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Notes |
CropM, ftnotmacsur |
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no |
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Call Number |
MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
4795 |
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Author |
Rusu, T. |
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Title |
Impact of Climate Change on Crop Land and Technological Recommendations for the Main Crops in Transylvanian Plain, Romania |
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Report |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
FACCE MACSUR Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
3 |
Issue |
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Pages |
Sp3-4 |
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Abstract |
The Transylvanian Plain (TP) is an important agricultural production area of Romania that is included among the areas with the lowest potential of adapting to climate changes in Europe. Thermal and hydric regime monitoring is necessary to identify and implement measures of adaptation to the impacts of climate change. Soil moisture and temperature regimes were evaluated using a set of 20 data logging stations positioned throughout the plain. Each station stores electronic data regarding ground temperature at 3 depths (10, 30, 50 cm), humidity at a depth of 10 cm, air temperature (at 1 m) and precipitation. For agricultural crops, the periods of drought and extreme temperatures require specific measures of adaptation to climate changes. During the growing season of crops in the spring (April – October) in the southeastern, southern, and eastern escarpments, precipitation decreased by 43.8 mm, the air temperature increased by 0.37°C, and the ground temperature increased by 1.91°C at a depth of 10 cm, 2.22°C at a depth of 20 cm and 2.43°C at a depth of 30 cm compared with values recorded for the northern, northwestern or western escarpments. Water requirements were ensured within an optimal time frame for 58.8-62.1% of the spring row crop growth period, with irrigation being necessary to guarantee the optimum production potential. The biologically active temperature recorded in the TP demonstrates the need to renew the division of the crop areas reported in the literature. No Label |
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no |
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Call Number |
MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
2221 |
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Author |
Rusu, T. |
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Title |
Impacts of Climate Change on Agricultural Technology Management in the Transylvanian Plain, Romania |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
FACCE MACSUR Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
5 |
Issue |
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Pages |
Sp5-52 |
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Abstract |
The condition of land degradation in Transylvanian Plain and its effects, being the result of local extreme physical-geographical conditions, susceptible to degradation (evidenced by the erodibility index), which overlap the extreme climatic conditions. Thermal and hydric regime monitoring is necessary in order to identify and implement measures of adaptation to the impacts of climate change. Soil moisture and temperature regimes were evaluated using a set of 20 data logging stations positioned throughout the plain. Each station stores electronic data of ground temperature at 3 depths (10, 30, 50 cm), the humidity at the depth of 10 cm, the air temperature (at 1 m) and precipitations. Climate change in the past few years have significantly altered the climatic indicators of the Transylvanian Plain. Precipitations, although deficient in terms of annual amounts, through their regime, have a negative influence on the plant carpet. Pluvial aggressiveness index reveals, for the research period, a first peak of pluvial aggressiveness during the months of February-April, then in July and in autumn, the months of October-November. This requires special measures for soil conservation, both in autumn and early spring, soil tillage measures being recommended which ensure the presence of plant debris and vegetation in early spring but especially in summer and autumn. Climatic indicators determined for the period 2009-2013 point out, in Transylvanian Plain, a semi-arid and mediterranean climate through the rain factor Lang, respectively semi-arid (in the South), semi-humid (in the North) according to the De Martonne index. This climatic characterization requires special technological measures for soil conservation (green curtains, green manure, no-tillage and minimum tillage with mulch layer). The biologically active temperature recorded in the TP demonstrates the need to renew the division of the crop areas reported in the literature. No Label |
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MACSUR Science Conference 2015 »Integrated Climate Risk Assessment in Agriculture & Food«, 8–9+10 April 2015, Reading, UK |
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no |
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Call Number |
MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
2167 |
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Author |
Rusu, T.; Moraru, P.I. |
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Title |
Impact of climate change on crop land and technological recommendations for the main crops in Transylvanian Plain, Romania |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Romanian Agricultural Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Romanian Agricultural Research |
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Volume |
32 |
Issue |
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Pages |
103-111 |
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Keywords |
climate change monitoring; temperature regimes; soil moisture; adaptation technologies; transylvanian plain; agriculture; france; precipitation; circulation; adaptation; models |
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Abstract |
The Transylvanian Plain (TP) is an important agricultural production area of Romania that is included among the areas with the lowest potential of adapting to climate changes in Europe. Thermal and hydric regime monitoring is necessary to identify and implement measures of adaptation to the impacts of climate change. Soil moisture and temperature regimes were evaluated using a set of 20 data logging stations positioned throughout the plain. Each station stores electronic data regarding ground temperature at 3 depths (10, 30, 50 cm), humidity at a depth of 10 cm, air temperature (at 1 m) and precipitation. For agricultural crops, the periods of drought and extreme temperatures require specific measures of adaptation to climate changes. During the growing season of crops in the spring (April – October) in the south-eastern, southern, and eastern escarpments, precipitation decreased by 43.8 mm, the air temperature increased by 0.37 degrees C, and the ground temperature increased by 1.91 degrees C at a depth of 10 cm, 2.22 degrees C at a depth of 20 cm and 2.43 degrees C at a depth of 30 cm compared with values recorded for the northern, north-western or western escarpments. Water requirements were ensured within an optimal time frame for 58.8-62.1% of the spring row crop growth period, with irrigation being necessary to guarantee the optimum production potential. The biologically active temperature recorded in the TP demonstrates the need to renew the division of the crop areas reported in the literature. |
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1222-4227 |
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CropM, ftnotmacsur |
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no |
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Call Number |
MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
4650 |
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Author |
Rusu, T.; Moraru, P.; Coste, C.; Cacovean, H.; Chetan, F.; Chetan, C. |
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Title |
Impact of climate change on climatic indicators in Transylvanian Plain, Romania |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment |
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Volume |
12 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
469-473 |
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Keywords |
Climate change; climatic indicators; Transylvanian plain |
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Abstract |
The condition of land degradation in Transylvanian Plain and its effects, being the result of local extreme physical-geographical conditions, is susceptible to degradation (evidenced by the erodibility index), which overlaps the extreme climatic conditions. Thermal and hydric regime monitoring is necessary in order to identify and implement measures of adaptation to the impacts of climate change. Soil moisture and temperature regimes were evaluated using a set of 20 data logging stations positioned throughout the plain. Each station stores electronic data of ground temperature at 3 depths (10, 30, 50 cm), the humidity at the depth of 10 cm, the air temperature (at 1 m) and precipitations. Climate change in the past few years has significantly altered the climatic indicators of the Transylvanian Plain. Precipitations, although deficient in terms of annual amounts, through their regime, have a negative influence on the plant carpet. Pluvial aggressiveness index reveals, for the research period, a first peak of pluvial aggressiveness during the months of February-April, then in July and in autumn, the months of October-November. This requires special measures for soil conservation, both in autumn and early spring, soil tillage measures being recommended, which ensure the presence of plant debris and vegetation in early spring but especially in summer and autumn. Climatic indicators determined for the period 2008 – 2012 point out, in Transylvanian Plain, a semi-arid Mediterranean climate through the rain factor Lang, respectively semi-arid (in the South) – semi-wet (in the North) according to the De Martonne index. This climatic characterization requires special technological measures for soil conservation. |
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CropM, ftnotmacsur |
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no |
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Call Number |
MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
4638 |
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