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De Pascale, S.; Orsini, F.; Caputo, R.; Palermo, M.A.; Barbieri, G.; Maggio, A. |
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Title |
Seasonal and multiannual effects of salinisation on tomato yield and fruit quality |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
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Functional Plant Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Functional Plant Biology |
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39 |
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8 |
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689-698 |
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Keywords |
fruit ions concentration; fruit lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidant; capacities; leaf water potentials; leaf stomatal conductance; short- and; long-term salinisation; salinity tolerance; water-stress; antioxidant activity; irrigation; growth; plants; soils; carotenoids; responses; crops |
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Abstract |
The effects of short-and long-term salinisation were studied by comparing tomato growth on a soil exposed to one-season salinisation (short term) vs growth on a soil exposed to >20 years salinisation (long term). Remarkable differences were associated to substantial modifications of the soil physical-chemical characteristics in the root zone, including deteriorated structure, reduced infiltration properties and increased pH. Fresh yield, fruit number and fruit weight were similarly affected by short-and long-term salinisation. In contrast, the marketable yield was significantly lower in the long-term salinised soil-a response that was also associated to nutritional imbalance (mainly referred to P and K). As reported for plants growing under oxygen deprivation stress, the antioxidant capacity of the water soluble fraction of salinised tomato fruits was enhanced by short-term salinisation, also. Overall, long-term salinisation may cause physiological imbalances and yield reductions that cannot be solely attributed to hyperosmotic stress and ionic toxicity. Therefore, the ability of plants to cope with nutritional deficiency and withstand high pH and anoxia may be important traits that should be considered to improve plant tolerance to long-term salinised soils. |
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1445-4408 |
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MA @ admin @ |
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4583 |
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Van Oosten, M.J.; Sharkhuu, A.; Batelli, G.; Bressan, R.A.; Maggio, A. |
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Title |
The Arabidopsis thaliana mutant air1 implicates SOS3 in the regulation of anthocyanins under salt stress |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Plant Molecular Biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Plant Mol. Biol. |
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Volume |
83 |
Issue |
4-5 |
Pages |
405-415 |
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Keywords |
Anthocyanins/analysis/*metabolism; Arabidopsis/drug effects/*genetics/physiology/radiation effects; Arabidopsis Proteins/*genetics/metabolism; Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/*genetics/metabolism; Flavonoids/metabolism; *Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; Light; Mutagenesis, Insertional; Phenotype; Plant Roots/drug effects/genetics/physiology/radiation effects; Plant Shoots/drug effects/genetics/physiology/radiation effects; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sodium Chloride/pharmacology; Stress, Physiological |
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The accumulation of anthocyanins in plants exposed to salt stress has been largely documented. However, the functional link and regulatory components underlying the biosynthesis of these molecules during exposure to stress are largely unknown. In a screen of second site suppressors of the salt overly sensitive3-1 (sos3-1) mutant, we isolated the anthocyanin-impaired-response-1 (air1) mutant. air1 is unable to accumulate anthocyanins under salt stress, a key phenotype of sos3-1 under high NaCl levels (120 mM). The air1 mutant showed a defect in anthocyanin production in response to salt stress but not to other stresses such as high light, low phosphorous, high temperature or drought stress. This specificity indicated that air1 mutation did not affect anthocyanin biosynthesis but rather its regulation in response to salt stress. Analysis of this mutant revealed a T-DNA insertion at the first exon of an Arabidopsis thaliana gene encoding for a basic region-leucine zipper transcription factor. air1 mutants displayed higher survival rates compared to wild-type in oxidative stress conditions, and presented an altered expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes such as F3H, F3’H and LDOX in salt stress conditions. The results presented here indicate that AIR1 is involved in the regulation of various steps of the flavonoid and anthocyanin accumulation pathways and is itself regulated by the salt-stress response signalling machinery. The discovery and characterization of AIR1 opens avenues to dissect the connections between abiotic stress and accumulation of antioxidants in the form of flavonoids and anthocyanins. |
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0167-4412 1573-5028 |
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MA @ admin @ |
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4616 |
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Maggio, A.; De Pascale, S.; Orsini, F.; Barbieri, G. |
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Addressing cultivation practices and nutritional quality of tomato crops to improve the sustainability of organic farming systems |
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2620 |
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