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Author |
Lai, R.; Seddaiu, G.; Gennaro, L.; Roggero, P.P. |
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Title |
Effects of nitrogen fertilizer sources and temperature on soil CO2 efflux in Italian ryegrass crop under Mediterranean conditions |
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Journal Article |
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Year  |
2012 |
Publication |
Italian Journal of Agronomy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ital. J. Agron. |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
27 |
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2039-6805 |
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LiveM, ftnotmacsur |
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Call Number |
MA @ admin @ |
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4478 |
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Author |
Ventrella, D.; Giglio, L.; Charfeddine, M.; Lopez, R.; Castellini, M.; Sollitto, D.; Castrignanò, A.; Fornaro, F. |
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Title |
Climate change impact on crop rotations of winter durum wheat and tomato in southern Italy: yield analysis and soil fertility |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Italian Journal of Agronomy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ital. J. Agron. |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
15 |
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Keywords |
DSSAT model; CENTURY-module; climate change; winter durum wheat; tomato, crop rotation |
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Abstract |
Cropping systems are affected by climate change because of the strong relationship between crop development, growth, yield, CO2 atmospheric concentration and climate conditions. The increasing temperatures and the reduction of available water resources may result in negative impacts on the agricultural activity in Mediterranean environments than other areas. In this study the CERES-Wheat and CROPGRO-Tomato models were used to assess the effects of climate change on winter wheat (Triticum durum L.) and processing tomato (Lycopersicon aesculentum Mill.) in one of most productive areas of Italy, located in the northern part of the Puglia region. In particular we have compared three different General Circulation Models (HadCM3, CCSM3, ECHAM5) subjected to a statistical downscaling under two future IPCC scenarios (B1 and A2). The analysis was carried out at regional scale repeating the simulations for seven homogeneous area characterizing the spatial variability of the region. In the second part of the study, considering only HadCM3 data set, climate change impact on long-term sequences of the two crops combined in three crop rotations were evaluated in terms of yield performances and soil fertility as indicated by the soil organic content of carbon and nitrogen. The comparison between GCMs showed no significant differences for winter durum wheat yield, while noticeable differences were found for yield and irrigation requirements of tomato. Under future scenarios, the production levels were reduced for tomato, whereas positive yield effects were observed for winter durum wheat. For winter durum wheat the simulation indicated that two- and three-year rotations, including one year of tomato cultivation, improved the cereal yield and this positive effect maintained its validity also in future scenarios. For both crops higher requirements of water and nitrogen were predicted under future scenarios. This result coupled with the decrease of yield caused negative reduction of water use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency for tomato cultivation. |
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2039-6805 1125-4718 |
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CropM, ftnotmacsur |
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Call Number |
MA @ admin @ |
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4481 |
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Author |
Leogrande, R.; Lopedota, O.; Montemurro, F.; Vitti, C.; Ventrella, D. |
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Title |
Effects of irrigation regime and salinity on soil characteristics and yield of tomato |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Italian Journal of Agronomy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ital. J. Agron. |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
8 |
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Keywords |
saline water; irrigation volume; Lycopersicon esculentum; soil solution |
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Abstract |
A field experiment was conducted in Mediterranean conditions to evaluate the effects of different irrigation volumes and water quality on yield performance of tomato crop. The tomato crop was irrigated reestablishing 50 (I1), 75 (I2) and 100% (I3) of the crop evapotranspiration (ETc) with two water quality: fresh water with EC 0.9 dS m-1 (FW) and saline water with EC 6 dSm-1 (SW). At harvest, total and marketable yield, weight, number, total soluble solids (TSS) and dry matter of fruit were calculated, The results showed no statistical differences among the three different irrigation volumes on tomato yield and quality. The salinity treatment did not affect yield, probably because the soil salinity in the root zone on average remained below the threshold of tomato salt tolerance. Instead, salinity improved fruit quality parameters as dry matter and TSS by 13 and 8%, respectively. After the first field application of saline water, soil saturated extract cations (SSEC), electrical conductivity of soil paste extract (ECe), sodium absorption ratio (SAR) and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) cations increased; the largest increase of cations, in particular of Na, occurred in the top layer. At the end of the experiment, the absolute value of SSEC, ECe and SAR, for all the effects studied, were lower than those recorded in 2007. This behavior was suitable to the reduced volumes of treatments administered in 2009 in respect to the 2007. Furthermore, the higher total rainfall recorded in 2009 increased the leaching and downward movement of salts out of the sampling depth. |
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2039-6805 |
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CropM, ftnotmacsur |
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MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
4476 |
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Author |
Bernardoni, E.; Acutis, M.; Ventrella, D. |
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Title |
Long-term durum wheat monoculture: modelling and future projection |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Italian Journal of Agronomy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ital. J. Agron. |
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Volume |
7 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
13 |
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ISSN |
2039-6805 1125-4718 |
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CropM, ftnotmacsur |
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Call Number |
MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
4468 |
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Author |
De Sanctis, G.; Roggero, P.P.; Seddaiu, G.; Orsini, R.; Porter, C.H.; Jones, J.W. |
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Title |
Long-term no tillage increased soil organic carbon content of rain-fed cereal systems in a Mediterranean area |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2012 |
Publication |
European Journal of Agronomy |
Abbreviated Journal |
European Journal of Agronomy |
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Volume |
40 |
Issue |
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Pages |
18-27 |
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Keywords |
N fertilization; C dynamics; DSSAT; Wheat; Maize; Weed fallow; sandy loam soil; cropping systems; agricultural systems; climate-change; winter-wheat; sequestration; matter; model; fertilization; dynamics |
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Abstract |
The differential impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) of applying no tillage (NT) compared to conventional tillage (CT, i.e. mouldboard ploughing), along with three rates of nitrogen (N) fertilizer application (0,90 and 180 kg ha(-1) y(-1)), was studied under rain-fed Mediterranean conditions in a long-term experiment based on a durum wheat-maize rotation, in which crop residues were left on the soil (NT) or incorporated (CT). Observed SOC content following 8 and 12 years of continuous treatment application was significantly higher in the top 10 cm of the soil under NT than CT, but it was similar in the 10-40 cm layer. NT grain yields for both maize and durum wheat were below those attained under CT (on average 32% and 14% lower respectively) at a given rate of N fertilizer application. Soil, climate and crop data over 5 years were used to calibrate DSSAT model in order to simulate the impact of the different management practices over a 50-year period. Good agreement was obtained between observed and simulated values for crops grain yield, above-ground biomass and observed SOC values. Results from the simulations showed that under NT the weeds growing during the intercrop fallow period made a significant contribution to the observed SOC increase. When the contribution of the weed fallow was considered, NT significantly increased SOC in the top 40 cm of the soil at an average rate of 0.43, 0.31 and 0.03 t ha(-1) per year, respectively for 180,90 and 0 kg N ha(-1) year(-1), within the simulated 50 years. Under CT, a significant SOC increase was simulated under N180 and a significant decrease when no fertilizer was supplied. |
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Series Volume |
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ISSN |
1161-0301 |
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article |
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CropM |
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Call Number |
MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
4469 |
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