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Author |
Holman, I.P.; Brown, C.; Carter, T.R.; Harrison, P.A.; Rounsevell, M. |
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Title  |
Improving the representation of adaptation in climate change impact models |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2019 |
Publication |
Regional Environmental Change |
Abbreviated Journal |
Reg. Environ. Change |
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Volume |
19 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
711-721 |
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Keywords |
Adaptive capacity; Limits; Water; Land; Decision making; Integrated assessment; Land-Cover Change; Global Change; River-Basin; Integrated Assessment; Adaptive Capacity; Vulnerability; Variability; Precautionary; Agriculture; Management |
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Abstract |
Climate change adaptation is a complex human process, framed by uncertainties and constraints, which is difficult to capture in existing assessment models. Attempts to improve model representations are hampered by a shortage of systematic descriptions of adaptation processes and their relevance to models. This paper reviews the scientific literature to investigate conceptualisations and models of climate change adaptation, and the ways in which representation of adaptation in models can be improved. The review shows that real-world adaptive responses can be differentiated along a number of dimensions including intent or purpose, timescale, spatial scale, beneficiaries and providers, type of action, and sector. However, models of climate change consequences for land use and water management currently provide poor coverage of these dimensions, instead modelling adaptation in an artificial and subjective manner. While different modelling approaches do capture distinct aspects of the adaptive process, they have done so in relative isolation, without producing improved unified representations. Furthermore, adaptation is often assumed to be objective, effective and consistent through time, with only a minority of models taking account of the human decisions underpinning the choice of adaptation measures (14%), the triggers that motivate actions (38%) or the time-lags and constraints that may limit their uptake and effectiveness (14%). No models included adaptation to take advantage of beneficial opportunities of climate change. Based on these insights, transferable recommendations are made on directions for future model development that may enhance realism within models, while also advancing our understanding of the processes and effectiveness of adaptation to a changing climate. |
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2019-04-27 |
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English |
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1436-3798 |
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TradeM, ft_macsur |
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no |
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MA @ admin @ |
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5220 |
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Author |
Högner, K. |
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Title |
Improving the methodology for global agricultural water availability and identifying hot spots for potential dam sites in East-Africa |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
2013 |
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Master's thesis |
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Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research |
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M.Sc. |
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M.Sc. |
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TradeM |
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no |
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MA @ admin @ |
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5148 |
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Author |
Barber, H.M.; Gooding, M.J.; Semenov, M.A. |
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Title |
Improving modelling of wheat responses to high temperature stress under climate change |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2014 |
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CropM |
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XIII ESA congress, Debrecen, Hungary, 2014-08-25 to 2014-08-29 |
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no |
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MA @ admin @ |
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2299 |
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Author |
Rötter, R. |
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Title |
Improving capacity of current crop models for simulating impacts of climatic extremes |
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Conference Article |
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Year |
2013 |
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CropM |
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ISI-MIP side event at at the Impacts World 2013, International Conference on Climate Change Effects, Potsdam, 2013-05-27 to 2013-05-30 |
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no |
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Call Number |
MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
2755 |
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Author |
Dockter, C.; Hansson, M. |
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Title |
Improving barley culm robustness for secured crop yield in a changing climate |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Journal of Experimental Botany |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Experim. Bot. |
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Volume |
66 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
3499-3509 |
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Keywords |
Climate Change; Crops, Agricultural/*anatomy & histology/genetics/*growth & development; Edible Grain/anatomy & histology/genetics/growth & development; Genes, Plant; Hordeum/*anatomy & histology/genetics/*growth & development; Phenotype; Barley (Hordeum vulgare); Green Revolution; brassinosteroid; gibberellin; lodging; plant architecture; short culm |
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Abstract |
The Green Revolution combined advancements in breeding and agricultural practice, and provided food security to millions of people. Daily food supply is still a major issue in many parts of the world and is further challenged by future climate change. Fortunately, life science research is currently making huge progress, and the development of future crop plants will be explored. Today, plant breeding typically follows one gene per trait. However, new scientific achievements have revealed that many of these traits depend on different genes and complex interactions of proteins reacting to various external stimuli. These findings open up new possibilities for breeding where variations in several genes can be combined to enhance productivity and quality. In this review we present an overview of genes determining plant architecture in barley, with a special focus on culm length. Many genes are currently known only through their mutant phenotypes, but emerging genomic sequence information will accelerate their identification. More than 1000 different short-culm barley mutants have been isolated and classified in different phenotypic groups according to culm length and additional pleiotropic characters. Some mutants have been connected to deficiencies in biosynthesis and reception of brassinosteroids and gibberellic acids. Still other mutants are unlikely to be connected to these hormones. The genes and corresponding mutations are of potential interest for development of stiff-straw crop plants tolerant to lodging, which occurs in extreme weather conditions with strong winds and heavy precipitation. |
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English |
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0022-0957 1460-2431 |
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Review |
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CropM |
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MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
4556 |
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