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Author |
Legarrea, S.; Velázquez, E.; Aguado, P.; Fereres, A.; Morales, I.; Rodríguez, D.; Del Estal, P.; Viñuela, E. |
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Title  |
Effects of a photoselective greenhouse cover on the performance and host finding ability of Aphidius ervi in a lettuce crop |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
BioControl |
Abbreviated Journal |
BioControl |
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Volume |
59 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
265-278 |
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Keywords |
aphidius ervi; macrosiphum euphorbiae; uv-absorbing net; parasitoid; sadie; spatial distribution; integrated pest-management; natural enemies; plastic films; mosaic-virus; insect pests; count data; pea aphid; uv; parasitoids; hymenoptera |
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Abstract |
In the search for a durable pest control management, biological control agents and photoselective covers are suitable candidates to be implemented in greenhouse crops. In this work, we studied the effects of a 50 mesh photoselective cover compared to a standard with similar characteristics but without UV-absorbing additives on the performance of Aphidius ervi Haliday (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a widely used parasitoid to control aphids in vegetable crops. Four field experiments were conducted in La Poveda Experimental Farm (Central Spain) where a lettuce crop was grown during the years 2008-2010. Lettuce plants were infested by Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and the parasitoid A. ervi was released and monitored throughout the crop cycle to evaluate any constraint in its performance produced by UV-absorbing nets. The ability of A. ervi to find and parasitize the host was not modified by the photoselective cover during the four seasons studied. Thus, we suggest that both strategies could be combined in the context of IPM in vegetable crops where this natural enemy is released. |
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1386-6141, 1573-8248 |
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CropM |
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MA @ admin @ |
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4509 |
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Author |
Palosuo, T.; Rotter, R.P.; Salo, T.; Peltonen-Sainio, P.; Tao, F.; Lehtonen, H. |
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Title |
Effects of climate and historical adaptation measures on barley yield trends in Finland |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Climate Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Clim. Res. |
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65 |
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221-236 |
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Keywords |
adaptation; climate; crop simulation modelling; plant breeding; spring barley; yield gap; crop production; spring barley; quantitative-evaluation; european conditions; cereal cultivars; growing-season; use efficiency; field crops; wheat; northern |
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Abstract |
In this study, the WOFOST crop simulation model was used together with comprehensive empirical databases on barley Hordeum vulgare L. to study the contributions of different yield-determining and -limiting factors to observed trends of barley yield in Finland from 1988 to 2008. Simulations were performed at 3 study sites representing different agro-ecological zones, and compared with the data from experimental sites and that reported by local farmers. Yield gaps between simulated potential yields and farmers’ yields and their trends were assessed. Positive observed yield trends of Finnish barley mostly resulted from the development and usage of new, high-yielding cultivars. Simulated trends in climatic potential and water-limited potential yields of individual cultivars showed a slight declining trend. Yield gaps showed an increasing trend in 2 out of 3 study areas. Since the mid-1990s, a major reason for this has been the lack of market and policy incentives favouring crop management decisions, i.e. annual fertilisation, soil maintenance, drainage and crop rotation decisions, aiming for higher yields. The study indicates potential options for increasing or maintaining barley yields in the future. The breeding of new climate-resilient cultivars is the primary option. However, this needs to work alongside overall adjustments to farm management and must be supported by financial incentives for farmers to increase yields. |
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0936-577x |
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CropM, ft_macsur |
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MA @ admin @ |
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4700 |
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Kersebaum, K.C. |
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Effects of climate change and elevated CO2 on wheat water consumption, yield and water footprint in three contrasting regions of Germany |
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2015 |
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Italian Journal of Agrometeorology |
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Italian Journal of Agrometeorology |
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Si |
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117-122 |
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2016-10-31 |
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CropM, ft_macsur |
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MA @ admin @ |
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4791 |
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Author |
Havlik, P.; Leclere, D.; Valin, H.; Herrero, M.; Schmid, E.; Obersteiner, M. |
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Title |
Effects of climate change on feed availability and the implications for the livestock sector |
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Conference Article |
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2014 |
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Global mean surface temperature is projected to rise by 0.4-2.6°C until 2050, and the contrast in precipitations between wet and dry regions and wet and dry seasons will also increase according to the IPCC 5th Assessment Report (2013). The climate change will impact livestock in many ways going from heat stress through livestock diseases to feed quality and availability (Thornton et al., 2009). Recently, projected climate change impacts on crop and grassland productivity became available with high spatial resolution at global scale through the AgMIP and ISI-MIP projects. The objective of this paper is to investigate how climate change impacts on crops and grassland will influence livestock production globally and its distribution across regions. This analysis is carried out using the global partial equilibrium agricultural and forestry sector model GLOBIOM (Havlík et al., 2013). The model represents agricultural production at a spatial resolution going down to 5 x 5 minutes of arc. Crop and grassland productivities are estimated by means of biophysical process based models (EPIC and CENTURY) at this resolution for current and future climate. Livestock representation follows a simplified version of the Seré and Steinfeld (1996) production system classification. This approach recognizes differences in feed base and productivities between grazing and mixed crop-livestock production systems across different agro-ecological zones (arid, humid, temperate/highlands). Our study highlights that the differential impacts of climate change on crop and grassland productivity will influence the relative competitiveness of different livestock production systems. Maintaining livestock production in some regions will depend on their capacity to adapt. Institutional and physical infrastructure will be needed to facilitate these transformations. |
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FACCE MACSUR Mid-term Scientific Conference |
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3(S) Sassari, Italy |
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FACCE MACSUR Mid-term Scientific Conference, 2014-04-01 to 2014-04-04, Sassari, Italy |
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no |
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MA @ admin @ |
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5076 |
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Author |
Ventrella, D.; Giglio, L.; Charfeddine, M.; Castellini, M. |
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Title |
Effects of climate change on soil fertility of a typical cropping system of Southern Italy |
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Conference Article |
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2012 |
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480-481 |
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University of Helsinki |
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Helsinki |
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Stoddard, F.; Mäkelä, P. |
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12th Congress of the European Society for Agronomy, 2012-08-20 to 2012-08-24, Helsinki |
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MA @ admin @ |
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2877 |
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