Records |
Author |
Patil, R.H.; Laegdsmand, M.; Olesen, J.E.; Porter, J.R. |
Title |
Soil temperature manipulation to study global warming effects in arable land: performance of buried heating-cable method |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2014 |
Publication ![sorted by Publication field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Environment and Ecology Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environment and Ecology Research |
Volume |
1 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
196-204 |
Keywords |
Climate Change; Climate Manipulation; Soil Warming; Heating Cables; Soil Temperature; Agro-Ecosystems |
Abstract |
Buried heating-cable method for manipulating soil temperature was designed and tested its performance in large concrete lysimeters grown with the wheat crop in Denmark. Soil temperature in heated plots was elevated by 5℃ compared with that in control by burying heating-cable at 0.1 m depth in a plough layer. Temperature sensors were placed at 0.05, 0.1 and 0.25 m depths in soil, and 0.1 m above the soil surface in all plots, which were connected to an automated data logger. Soil-warming setup was able to maintain a mean seasonal temperature difference of 5.0 ± 0.005℃ between heated and control plots at 0.1 m depth while the mean seasonal rise in soil temperature in the top 0.25 m depth (plough layer) was 3℃. Soil temperature in control plots froze (≤ 0℃) for 15 and 13 days respectively at 0.05 and 0.1 m depths while it did not in heated plots during the coldest period (Nov-Apr). This study clearly showed the efficacy of buried heating-cable technique in simulating soil temperature, and thus offers a simple, effective and alternative technique to study soil biogeochemical processes under warmer climates. This technique, however, decouples below-ground soil responses from that of above-ground vegetation response as this method heats only the soil. Therefore, using infrared heaters seems to represent natural climate warming (both air and soil) much more closely and may be used for future climate manipulation field studies. |
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CropM, ftnotmacsur |
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MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
4632 |
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Author |
Bourgeois, C.; Fradj, N.B.; Jayet, P.-A. |
Title |
How cost-effective is a mixed policy targeting the management of three agricultural N-pollutants |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2014 |
Publication ![sorted by Publication field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Environmental Modelling & Assessment |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environmental Modelling & Assessment |
Volume |
19 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
389-405 |
Keywords |
cost-effectiveness; mixed policy; n-input tax; land use policy; nitrogen pollutants; bioeconomic model; mathematical linear programming; miscanthus; nonpoint pollution-control; reed canary grass; biomass production; abatement costs; energy crop; miscanthus; nitrogen; model; efficiencies; instruments |
Abstract |
This paper assesses the cost-effectiveness of a mixed policy in attempts to reduce the presence of three nitrogen pollutants: NO (3), N O-2, and NH (3). The policy under study combines a tax on nitrogen input and incentives promoting perennial crops assumed to require low input. We show that the mixed policy improves the cost-effectiveness of regulation with regard to nitrates, whereas no improvement occurs, except for a very low level of subsidy in some cases, for gas pollutants. A quantitative analysis provides an assessment of impacts in terms of land use, farmers’ income, and nitrogen losses throughout France and at river-basin scale. |
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1420-2026 |
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Notes |
TradeM |
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MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
4661 |
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Author |
Dumont, B.; Leemans, V.; Mansouri, M.; Bodson, B.; Destain, J.-P.; Destain, M.-F. |
Title |
Parameter identification of the STICS crop model, using an accelerated formal MCMC approach |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2014 |
Publication ![sorted by Publication field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Environmental Modelling & Software |
Abbreviated Journal |
Env. Model. Softw. |
Volume |
52 |
Issue |
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Pages |
121-135 |
Keywords |
crop model; parameter estimation; bayes; stics; dream; global sensitivity-analysis; simulation-model; nitrogen balances; bayesian-approach; generic model; wheat; prediction; water; optimization; algorithm |
Abstract |
This study presents a Bayesian approach for the parameters’ identification of the STICS crop model based on the recently developed Differential Evolution Adaptive Metropolis (DREAM) algorithm. The posterior distributions of nine specific crop parameters of the STICS model were sampled with the aim to improve the growth simulations of a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L) culture. The results obtained with the DREAM algorithm were initially compared to those obtained with a Nelder-Mead Simplex algorithm embedded within the OptimiSTICS package. Then, three types of likelihood functions implemented within the DREAM algorithm were compared, namely the standard least square, the weighted least square, and a transformed likelihood function that makes explicit use of the coefficient of variation (CV). The results showed that the proposed CV likelihood function allowed taking into account both noise on measurements and heteroscedasticity which are regularly encountered in crop modelling. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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1364-8152 |
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CropM |
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MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
4520 |
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Author |
Siebert, S.; Ewert, F.; Rezaei, E.E.; Kage, H.; Grass, R. |
Title |
Impact of heat stress on crop yield-on the importance of considering canopy temperature |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2014 |
Publication ![sorted by Publication field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Environmental Research Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environ. Res. Lett. |
Volume |
9 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
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Keywords |
heat stress; crop yield; temperature; soil moisture; modelling; wheat; rye; harvest index; wheat yields; climate-change; winter-wheat; grain number; extreme heat; maize; variability; irrigation; drought |
Abstract |
Increasing crop productivity while simultaneously reducing the environmental footprint of crop production is considered a major challenge for the coming decades. Even short episodes of heat stress can reduce crop yield considerably causing low resource use efficiency. Studies on the impact of heat stress on crop yields over larger regions generally rely on temperatures measured by standard weather stations at 2 m height. Canopy temperatures measured in this study in field plots of rye were up to 7 degrees C higher than air temperature measured at typical weather station height with the differences in temperatures controlled by soil moisture contents. Relationships between heat stress and grain number derived from controlled environment studies were only confirmed under field conditions when canopy temperature was used to calculate stress thermal time. By using hourly mean temperatures measured by 78 weather stations located across Germany for the period 1994-2009 it is estimated, that mean yield declines in wheat due to heat stress during flowering were 0.7% when temperatures are measured at 2 m height, but yield declines increase to 22% for temperatures measured at the ground. These results suggest that canopy temperature should be simulated or estimated to reduce uncertainty in assessing heat stress impacts on crop yield. |
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2016-10-31 |
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1748-9326 |
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CropM, ftnotmacsur |
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no |
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MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
4814 |
Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
Siebert, S.; Ewert, F. |
Title |
Future crop production threatened by extreme heat |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2014 |
Publication ![sorted by Publication field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Environmental Research Letters |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environ. Res. Lett. |
Volume |
9 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
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Keywords |
climate-change; simulation-models; wheat yields; day length; temperature; growth; impact; co2; phenology; patterns |
Abstract |
Heat is considered to be a major stress limiting crop growth and yields. While important findings on the impact of heat on crop yield have been made based on experiments in controlled environments, little is known about the effects under field conditions at larger scales. The study of Deryng et al (2014 Global crop yield response to extreme heat stress under multiple climate change futures Environ. Res. Lett. 9 034011), analysing the impact of heat stress on maize, spring wheat and soya bean under climate change, represents an important contribution to this emerging research field. Uncertainties in the occurrence of heat stress under field conditions, plant responses to heat and appropriate adaptation measures still need further investigation. |
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2016-10-31 |
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1748-9326 |
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CropM, ftnotmacsur |
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no |
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MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
4813 |
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