| Records |
| Author |
Özkan, Ş.; Hill, J. |
| Title |
Implementing innovative farm management practices on dairy farms:a review of feeding systems |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences |
| Volume |
39 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1-9 |
| Keywords |
australia; dairy; double-cropping; feeding system; pasture-based; profitability; forage crop systems; south-west victoria; nutritive characteristics; interannual variation; botanical composition; herbage accumulation; growth-rates; pasture; australia; cows |
| Abstract |
The Australian dairy industry relies primarily on pasture for its feed supply. However, the variability in rainfall negatively affects plant growth, leading to uncertainty in dryland feed supply, especially during periods of high milk price. New feeding (complementary) systems combining perennial ryegrass with another crop and/or pasture species may have the potential to mitigate this seasonal risk and improve productivity and profitability by providing off-season feed. To date, the majority of research studying the integration of alternative crops into pasture-based systems has focused on substitution and utilization of alternative feed sources. There has been little emphasis on the impacts of integration of forage crops into pasture-based systems. This review focuses on pasture-based feeding systems in southeastern Australia and how transitioning of systems contributes to improved productivity leading to improved profitability for dairy farmers. |
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English |
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| ISSN |
1300-0128 |
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| Notes |
LiveM |
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no |
| Call Number |
MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
4577 |
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| Author |
Pilbeam, D.J. |
| Title |
Breeding crops for improved mineral nutrition under climate change conditions |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Journal of Experimental Botany |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Experim. Bot. |
| Volume |
66 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
3511-3421 |
| Keywords |
Breeding/*methods; *Climate Change; Crops, Agricultural/*growth & development; Environment; Minerals/*metabolism; *Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Micronutrient; nitrogen; nutrient availability; nutrient use efficiency; phosphorus; quantitative trait loci (QTLs) |
| Abstract |
Improvements in understanding how climate change may influence chemical and physical processes in soils, how this may affect nutrient availability, and how plants may respond to changed availability of nutrients will influence crop breeding programmes. The effects of increased atmospheric CO2 and warmer temperatures, both individually and combined, on soil microbial activity, including mycorrhizas and N-fixing organisms, are evaluated, together with their implications for nutrient availability. Potential changes to plant growth, and the combined effects of soil and plant changes on nutrient uptake, are discussed. The organization of research on the efficient use of macro- and micronutrients by crops under climate change conditions is outlined, including analysis of QTLs for nutrient efficiency. Suggestions for how the information gained can be used in plant breeding programmes are given. |
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English |
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| ISSN |
1460-2431; 0022-0957 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
Review |
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| Notes |
CropM |
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no |
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MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
4575 |
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| Author |
Rötter, R.P.; Höhn, J.; Trnka, M.; Fronzek, S.; Carter, T.R.; Kahiluoto, H. |
| Title |
Modelling shifts in agroclimate and crop cultivar response under climate change |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Ecology and Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecol. Evol. |
| Volume |
3 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
4197-4214 |
| Keywords |
Adaptation; agroclimatic indicator; barley; crop simulation model; cultivar response diversity |
| Abstract |
THIS PAPER AIMS: (i) to identify at national scale areas where crop yield formation is currently most prone to climate-induced stresses, (ii) to evaluate how the severity of these stresses is likely to develop in time and space, and (iii) to appraise and quantify the performance of two strategies for adapting crop cultivation to a wide range of (uncertain) climate change projections. To this end we made use of extensive climate, crop, and soil data, and of two modelling tools: N-AgriCLIM and the WOFOST crop simulation model. N-AgriCLIM was developed for the automatic generation of indicators describing basic agroclimatic conditions and was applied over the whole of Finland. WOFOST was used to simulate detailed crop responses at four representative locations. N-AgriCLIM calculations have been performed nationally for 3829 grid boxes at a 10 × 10 km resolution and for 32 climate scenarios. Ranges of projected shifts in indicator values for heat, drought and other crop-relevant stresses across the scenarios vary widely – so do the spatial patterns of change. Overall, under reference climate the most risk-prone areas for spring cereals are found in south-west Finland, shifting to south-east Finland towards the end of this century. Conditions for grass are likely to improve. WOFOST simulation results suggest that CO2 fertilization and adjusted sowing combined can lead to small yield increases of current barley cultivars under most climate scenarios on favourable soils, but not under extreme climate scenarios and poor soils. This information can be valuable for appraising alternative adaptation strategies. It facilitates the identification of regions in which climatic changes might be rapid or otherwise notable for crop production, requiring a more detailed evaluation of adaptation measures. The results also suggest that utilizing the diversity of cultivar responses seems beneficial given the high uncertainty in climate change projections. |
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| ISSN |
2045-7758 |
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Article |
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| Notes |
CropM, ft_macsur |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
4576 |
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| Author |
Özkan, Ş.; Ahmadi, B.V.; Bonesmo, H.; Østerås, O.; Stott, A.; Harstad, O.M. |
| Title |
Impact of animal health on greenhouse gas emissions |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Advances in Animal Biosciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Advances in Animal Biosciences |
| Volume |
6 |
Issue |
01 |
Pages |
24-25 |
| Keywords |
dairy; GHG emissions; cull rate; health; HolosNor |
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English |
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2040-4700 |
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Article |
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| Notes |
LiveM, ft_macsur |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
4573 |
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| Author |
Özkan, Ş.; Farquharson, R.J.; Hill, J.; Malcolm, B. |
| Title |
A stochastic analysis of the impact of input parameters on profit of Australian pasture-based dairy farms under variable carbon price scenarios |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Environmental Science & Policy |
Abbreviated Journal |
Environmental Science & Policy |
| Volume |
48 |
Issue |
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Pages |
163-171 |
| Keywords |
carbon tax; operating profit; stochastic dominance; dairy; feeding system; mitigation; cows; systems; efficiency; risk |
| Abstract |
The imposition of a carbon tax in the economy will have indirect impacts on dairy farmers in Australia. Although there is a great deal of information available regarding mitigation strategies both in Australia and internationally, there seems to be a lack of research investigating the variable prices of carbon-based emissions on dairy farm operating profits in Australia. In this study, a stochastic analysis comparing the uncertainty in income in response to different prices on carbon-based emissions was conducted. The impact of variability in pasture consumption and variable prices of concentrates and hay on farm profitability was also investigated. The two different feeding systems examined were a ryegrass pasture-based system (RM) and a complementary forage-based system (CF). Imposing a carbon price ($20-$60) and not changing the systems reduced the farm operating profits by 28.4% and 25.6% in the RM and CF systems, respectively compared to a scenario where no carbon price was imposed. Different farming businesses will respond to variability in the rapidly changing operating environment such as fluctuations in pasture availability, price of purchased feeds and price of milk or carbon emissions differently. Further, in case there is a carbon price imposed for GHG emissions emanated from dairy farming systems, changing from pasture-based to more complex feeding systems incorporating home-grown double crops may reduce the reductions in farm operating profits. There is opportunity for future studies to focus on the impacts of different mitigation strategies and policy applications on farm operating profits. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1462-9011 |
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Article |
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LiveM |
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no |
| Call Number |
MA @ admin @ |
Serial |
4574 |
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