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Author |
Graß, R.; Thies, B.; Kersebaum, K.-C.; Wachendorf, M. |
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Title |
Simulating dry matter yield of two cropping systems with the simulation model HERMES to evaluate impact of future climate change |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
European Journal of Agronomy |
Abbreviated Journal |
European Journal of Agronomy |
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Volume |
70 |
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1-10 |
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Keywords |
Climate change; Double cropping system; Biomass yield; Sowing and; harvesting dates; mean-square error; nitrogen dynamics; wheat production; carbon-dioxide; soil; water; management; sunflower; responses; crops |
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Abstract |
Regionalized model calculations showed increased rainfall and temperatures in winter and less precipitation and higher temperatures in summer due to climate change effects in the future for numerous countries in the northern hemisphere. Furthermore, model simulations predicted enhanced weather variability with an increased risk of yield losses and reduced yield stability. Recently, double cropping systems (DCS) were suggested as an environmental friendly and productive adaptation strategy with increased yield stability. This paper reviews the potential benefit of four DCS (rye (Secale cereale L.) as first crop and maize (Zea mays L.), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), sorghum (Sorghum sudanense L. x Sorghum bicolor L.) and sudan grass (S. sudanense L.) as second crops) in comparison with four conventional sole cropping systems (SCS) (maize, sunflower, sorghum and sudan grass) with regard to dry matter (DM) yield and soil water under conditions of climate change. We used the agro-ecosystem model HERMES for simulating these variables until the year 2100. The investigated crops sunflower, sorghum and sudan grass were parameterised first for HERMES achieving a satisfying performance. Results showed always higher DM yields per year of DCS compared with SCS. This was mainly caused by yield increases of the first crop winter rye harvested at the stage of milk ripeness. As a winter hardy crop, rye will benefit from increased precipitation and higher temperatures during winter months as well as from extended growth periods with an earlier onset in spring and an increase of growing days. Furthermore, rye is able to use the increased winter humidity for its spring growth in an efficient way. By contrast, model simulations showed that summer crops will be affected by reduced precipitation and higher temperatures during summer month for periods from 2050 onwards with the consequence of reduced yields. This yield reduction was found for all summer crops both in conventional sole crop and in DCS. Preponed harvesting of first crop winter rye as a consequence of earlier onset of growth period in spring under prospective climatic conditions lead to yield decrease, which could not be equalised by preponed sowing of second crops and extension of their growth period. Hence, total annual yield of both crops together decreased. The modification of sowing and harvesting dates as an adaptation strategy requires further research with the use of more holistic simulation models. To summarize, DCS may provide a promising adaptation strategy to effects of climate change with a substantial stabilisation of crop yields. |
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1161-0301 |
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CropM, ft_macsur |
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MA @ admin @ |
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4659 |
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Author |
Özkan, Ş.; Hill, J. |
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Title |
Implementing innovative farm management practices on dairy farms:a review of feeding systems |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2015 |
Publication |
Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences |
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39 |
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Pages |
1-9 |
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Keywords |
australia; dairy; double-cropping; feeding system; pasture-based; profitability; forage crop systems; south-west victoria; nutritive characteristics; interannual variation; botanical composition; herbage accumulation; growth-rates; pasture; australia; cows |
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Abstract |
The Australian dairy industry relies primarily on pasture for its feed supply. However, the variability in rainfall negatively affects plant growth, leading to uncertainty in dryland feed supply, especially during periods of high milk price. New feeding (complementary) systems combining perennial ryegrass with another crop and/or pasture species may have the potential to mitigate this seasonal risk and improve productivity and profitability by providing off-season feed. To date, the majority of research studying the integration of alternative crops into pasture-based systems has focused on substitution and utilization of alternative feed sources. There has been little emphasis on the impacts of integration of forage crops into pasture-based systems. This review focuses on pasture-based feeding systems in southeastern Australia and how transitioning of systems contributes to improved productivity leading to improved profitability for dairy farmers. |
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1300-0128 |
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LiveM |
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MA @ admin @ |
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4577 |
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Reidsma, P.; Bakker, M.M.; Kanellopoulos, A.; Alam, S.J.; Paas, W.; Kros, J.; W. de Vries, W. |
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Impacts of climate and socio-economic change at farm and landscape level in the Netherlands: climate smart agriculture |
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2015 |
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CropM |
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Climate-smart agriculture 2015. Global Science Conference. Montpellier, France, 2015-03-15 to 2015-03-18 |
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MA @ admin @ |
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2745 |
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Author |
Rötter, R.P.; Pirttioja, N.K.; Fronzek, S.; Carter, T.; Palosuo, T.; et al. |
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Title |
Impact response surface analysis of temperature and precipitation for wheat along a European transect |
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2015 |
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Minneapolis (U.S.A) |
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AgMIP and partners session at tripartite meetings (ASA-CSSA-SSA) at Minneapolis/USA, 2015-11-15 to 2015-11-17, Minneapolis |
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MA @ admin @ |
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2769 |
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Rötter, R.P.; Höhn, J.K.; Palosuo, T.; Kassie, B.T.; Paff, K.; Tao, F.; Chen, Y.; Asseng, S.; et al. |
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Yield gap and variability analysis for different aro-technologies for maize and wheat (YGV study) |
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2015 |
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Ithaca (U.S.A.) |
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2nd Global Food Security Conference, 2015-10-10- to 2015-10-15, Ithaca |
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MA @ admin @ |
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2770 |
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