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Brylińska, M.; Sobkowiak, S.; Stefańczyk, E.; Śliwka, J. |
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Title |
Potato cultivation system affects population structure of Phytophthora infestans |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2016 |
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Fungal Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Fungal Ecology |
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20 |
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132-143 |
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SSR; Population genetic structure; Late blight; Potato; late blight resistance; mating-type; microsatellite markers; phenotypic diversity; sexual reproduction; genotypic diversity; nordic countries; severe outbreaks; sarpo mira; pathogenicity |
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Phytophthora infestans is one of the most destructive potato pathogens. Many factors influence the population structure of P. infestans, including migration, climate and type of potato cultivation. Here, we analyse 365 P. infestans isolates collected from three regions of Poland over three years. We determined mating type, mitochondrial haplotype, resistance to metalaxyl, virulence and polymorphism at 14 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci. Analysis of SSR markers showed high genetic diversity associated with this population. Model-based structure analysis grouped 299 unique genotypes into four main clusters. The P. infestans isolates collected from the Mlochow region, which has the most intensive level of potato cultivation, formed a distinct cluster, indicating a strong effect of the cultivation system on pathogen population structure. Three clusters contained isolates with frequent presence of three alleles at one locus, which may affect their capacity for sexual reproduction and preserve groups of fit genotypes that propagate asexually. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd and The British Mycological Society. |
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English |
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1754-5048 |
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CropM, ft_macsur |
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MA @ admin @ |
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4720 |
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Abadie, L.M.; Galarraga, I.; Milford, A.B.; Gustavsen, G.W. |
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Title |
Achieving Emission Reduction Targets by Changing Eating Habits in Norway |
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2015 |
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TradeM |
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MA @ admin @ |
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2271 |
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Kipling, R.; Scollan, N.; Bannink, A.; van Middelkoop, J. |
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Title |
From diversity to strategy: Livestock research for effective policy in a climate change world |
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Report |
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Year |
2016 |
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FACCE MACSUR Reports |
Abbreviated Journal |
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8 |
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H0.3-D1 |
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policy brief, networking |
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European livestock agriculture is extraordinarily diverse, and so are the challenges it faces. This diversity has contributed to the development of a fragmented set of research communities. As a result, livestock research is often under-represented at policy level, despite its high relevance for the environment and food security. Understanding livestock systems and how they can sustainably adapt to global change requires inputs across research areas, including grasslands, nutrition, health, welfare and ecology. It also requires experimental researchers, modellers and stakeholders to work closely together. Networks and capacity building structures are vital to enable livestock research to meet the challenges of climate change. They need to maintain shared resources and provide non-competitive arenas to share and synthesize results for policy support. ï‚· Long term strategic investment is needed to support such structures. Their leadership requires very different skills to those effective in scientific project coordination. |
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MA @ admin @ |
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2269 |
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Author |
Semenov, M.A.; Stratonovitch, P. |
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Title |
Local-scale CMIP5-based climate scenarios for MACSUR2 |
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2016 |
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FACCE MACSUR Reports |
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8 |
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C2.2-D |
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CropM |
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Climate sensitivity of GCMs was used to select 5 GCMs from the CMIP5 ensemble for impact studies in MACSUR2. Selected GCMs for MACSUR2 are EC-EARTH (7), GFDL-CM3 (8) HadGEM2-ES (10), MIROC5 (13), and MPI-ESM-MR (15). These GCMs are evenly distributed among CMIP5 (Fig 1) and should capture, in principal, climate uncertainty of the CMIP5 ensemble. Using 5 GCMs will enable us to assess uncertainties in impacts related to uncertainty in climate projections. The selection of GCMs in MACSUR2 has a good overlap with selections of GCMs used in CORDEX and AgMIP projects. We used the LARS-WG generator to construct local-scale CMIP5-based climate scenarios for Europe (Semenov & Stratonovitch, 2015). Fifteen sites were selected in Europe for MACSUR2. For each site and each selected GCM, 100 yrs climate daily data were generated by LARS-WG for RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emission scenarios and for baseline and 3 future periods: near-term (2021-2040), mid-term (2041-2060) and long-term (2081-2100). |
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MA @ admin @ |
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2270 |
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Hunter, A.N.L. |
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Title |
Evaluation of Joint Programming to address grand societal challenges |
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MA @ admin @ |
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2268 |
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